Q J Med 2002; 95: 3-13
© 2002 Association of Physicians
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Osteopontin—a molecule for all seasons
From the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA, 1 Phagocyte Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, 2 Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, and 3 Department of Veterans Affairs, Medical Centre and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Introduction |
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Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein, and although highly expressed in bone, it is also expressed by various cell types including macrophages, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and epithelial cells.1,2 OPN is involved in diverse biological processes and the aim of this review is to give a broad outline of some important aspects of the biology of OPN. Although this review is written primarily from a renal perspective, it is hoped that the reader will appreciate that OPN is involved in both physiological and pathological processes in multiple organs and tissues including biomineralization, inflammation, leukocyte recruitment and cell survival.
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OPN structure |
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OPN is a negatively-charged acidic hydrophilic protein of approximately 300 amino acid residues, and is secreted into all body fluids. The OPN cDNA from various mammalian species exhibits a high degree of sequence homology. There is evidence of alternative splicing, although the functional significance of this is unclear at present. The
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Regulation of OPN expression |
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OPN and pathological mineralization |
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OPN and inflammation |
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Leucocyte recruitment and function
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OPN and cell survival |
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OPN and the regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase
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Other biological functions of OPN |
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Conclusion |
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Acknowledgments |
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Notes |
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References |
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